1. To identify health consequences of cultural misunderstandings between providers and patients. 
2. To establish a historical understanding of health disparities and how they can arise in clinical encounters. 
3. To understand a theory – or a way to organize our thinking – about the interaction between culture and health care. 

Learning Objectives for Clinical Application 1: Explanatory Models

1. To define “explanatory model of illness” 
2. To establish clinical skills to identify an individual patient’s explanation of his or her illness.   
3. To identify several ways a patient’s explanatory model of disease may affect health outcomes. 

Learning Objectives for Setting the Stage: Strategies for Effective Initiation of Clinical Encounters

1. Identify your own misconceptions about initial personal contact with individuals from different cultures.
2. Develop listening skills and ways of attending to cues which can help you address individual patients'/clients' needs and concerns with attention to age and culture.
3. Express understanding for the difficulties that people face understanding the culture of medicine, but a different medical culture than one they are used to.
4. Identify the special barriers to overcome for older adults of differing cultures and how their behaviors and cultural background need special attention when it comes to health care interactions.
5. Provide your clients and/or patients with health literature that is useful to them in regard to their age, language, and cultural background.

Learning Objectives for Assessment

1. Identify ways to accurately assess pain perception, taking into account cultural influences.
2. Describe how cultural sensitivity of a provider can affect patient outcomes
3. Identify potential roles of older adults in varying cultures
4. Describe strategies for interviewing patients of differing cultures.

Learning Objectives for Completing an Examination, Negotiating Treatment & Following Up

1. Identify ways to provide comfort and support to patients unfamiliar with Western medicine during a medical examination
2. Describe some cultural reasons why patients may choose not to follow recommendations
3. Identify methods of approaching patient examinations and evaluations in a culturally sensitive manner
4. Identify areas where cultural preferences may be present in examination, negotiation of treatment and in follow up recommendations
5. Relate to how a patient may benefit from a medical encounter versus how a practitioner may view that same encounter.

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